Chemistry
The course introduces the fundamental principles of chemistry, from atomic structure and bonding to thermodynamics, electrochemistry, and organic chemistry.
Capitoli
Foundations of Chemistry
Atom: nucleus, atomic models (Bohr, quantum-mechanical), quantum numbers, orbitals Periodic Table: electronic configuration, periodic trends, metals/non-metals Chemical Bonding: ionic, covalent, metallic, molecular geometry, hybridization, orbitals
Stoichiometry and States of Matter
Nomenclature and formulas, mole concept, balancing reactions, stoichiometry Acid-base, redox, combustion reactions Gaseous state: ideal gas laws, kinetic theory, liquefaction Liquid state: solutions, concentration, colligative properties, pH, acids/bases
Structure of Solids and Phase Properties
Crystalline solids, unit cell, crystal lattices, classification of solids Intermolecular forces and macroscopic properties
Dynamics and Energy of Reactions
Chemical kinetics: reaction rate, order, activation energy, catalysis Chemical equilibrium: law of mass action, equilibrium constant, Le Chatelier principle Thermodynamics: 1st, 2nd, 3rd law, enthalpy, entropy, Gibbs free energy, spontaneity
Applied and Organic Chemistry
Electrochemistry: electrodes, cells, Nernst equation, electrolysis, Faraday laws Organic chemistry: nomenclature, functional groups, properties, isomerism